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METHOD OF PRODUCING INTERLININGS AND FILLER THEREFOR RAYNER March 17, 1931 iginal Filed March 15, 1925 mama Mar. 11, 1931 PATENT OFFICE,

mson Rama, or rmsnunen, rmmsxnvmm, assrenoa 'ro aimincan mm a 1mm comrmzor cnrcaeo, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION or rumors METHOD PRODUCING INTERLININGS AN D FILLER THEREFOR 011ml! I0. 1,788,880, dated The invention relates to an interlining and filler therefor, and a method of producing the same as described in the present specification,

containing an explanation in etail of an ac-- 1o -ce table form of the invention. The objects of the invention are to facilitate the insulation of walls, roofs, and floorin and maintain the atmospheric conditions 0 an enclosure suitable for its uses, such as theinterlinings in. passenger cars, freight cars, buildings, refrigerating plants and all chambers uiring protection from external weather cdiiditions and to dothis without interfering with a certain circulation of a r as so represented in the constant transference of air in globules within the filler of the composite s actual lining material which'is inherent in felts and pressed cloths, pul s and paper used as fillers; to eliminate the a sorption and retention of moisture and hot or cold air; to roduce a material at a low cost without re- 1 ucing its efficiency or its usefulness; to insure great facility in the installation of the so insulation in vehicles and buildings; to maintain even temperatures for the occupants of apartments, compartments or other chambers, to apply1 this invention to many and various uses 0t er than at present; and genera5 a ly to rovide a durable and reliable insulation w ich will brin forth excellent results in ail applications an be economical with regard to its production.

In the drawin Figure 1 is a cross sectional view of t e insulation showin the filler and layers.

Figure 2 1s a cross sectional View showing the hair on both sides of the backing and Y binding sheet. Figure 3 is a plan view of the backing and acts, and thereby avoid inertia in the September 8, 1829, Serial No. 94,811, filed larch 15,1928. Application for reissue fled June 3, 1930. Serial No. 459,081.

binding sheet showing the hairs or fibers locked therein.

Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view showing the means for interlocking the hair and back in to form the filler. v

igure 5 is a diagrammatic view showing the means for assembling the layers.

Figure 6 is a fragmentary plan view showing the use of gauze and felt as a binder sheet.

Like numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the'various figures.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 7 indicates the filler in both forms of the in-.

vention, which is made of loose hair and aper preferably crepe paper 8, as shown in igure 3 or felt paper 9reinforced by a textile fabric 10 as shown in Figure 6. In the crimped and crisped paper, commonly termed I crepe paper in commerce, the expansion and contraction due to atmospheric conditions is fully provided for and in the reinforced vfelt paper the same advantage is gained.

The filler 7 is shown in Figures 1, 3, 4 and 5 as having a bat of loose hairy material 11 on the one side only, while in Figure 2 the bats of hair are shownon both sides of the crepe paper 8. v

The bat is frequently made of animal hair, but it must be understood that there are many animal, vegetable and mineral fibers that may be used, and further there may be-mixtures of the different fibres, according to the use that the filler is put to, the essential features being the comparative looseness of the bats to permit the collection of air globules and the firm adherence of the bat or bats to the ventilated binding sheet, notwithstanding the unpressed condition of the hair and its remoteness from the felt condition.

The method employed for securing and locking the hair bats to the paper is preferably by means of a loom having numerous needles withbarb points indicated by the numeral 12, these points carrying strands of. the hair through the paper to form the hair covering for the latter. The needles make innumerable holes in the pa er, and in carrying the hair lengths with tem interlock the hair and the aper, said needles clearing themselves on t eir backward or withdrawal strokes as the barbs are in the shape of flaring points.

The method is the same for attaching the loose hair to .the two sides of the paper as shown the only difi'erence being that of an extra step in the process.

The bat is prepared in any machine that will bring it together satisfactorily, such as heater or batter of conventional design and in this the hairs are assembled and extended and formed into a bat and delivered on a lar c lindrical roll. g

e t in this condition is quite loose and the hairs simply cling to one another by capillary attraction an it is not pressed or felted. In this condition, it is assed into the machine 15, where it is punc ed by the barb points into the accompanying sheet of paper adapted to form a permanent binder.

The binding sheet and the hair come out of the machine 15 together and constitute the filler in any interlining required.

For wall interlining this filler is fed into the machine 16 with sheets of asbestos 17 and 18 and the insert paper sheets 19 and 20 from rolls conveniently spaced, as well as the gauze outer la ers 24 and 25, the gauze 24 covering the as stos paper 17 over the paper binding sheet and the auze 25 covering the asbestos sheet 18 on the lnsertsheet and plain paper 20.

The com osite sheet formed of the hair filler, the as stos paper the plain paper and the gauze is cross stitched in the mac ine 26, which securely sews the outer gauze covering and the layers to ether, thereby providing a reliable sheet 0 interlinin that can be rolled and shaped and instal ed with great facility.

In using this invention, take for example the interlming of passenger cars on railways, the sheets are secured in the wall of the car, between the outside sheeting and the inside sheeting, thereby insuring an efl'ectual bar to the penetration of moisture or hot or cold air and while it has been known for many years to insert an interlinin sheet between sheetings of walls, ceilings, oors and other places, it is not known so far as, I am aware to construct and furnish an insulation havin features such are described herein, and pointed out in the claims.

The adherence of comparatively loose hair to burlap by the method of inserting picks through the hair and burlap is already well known in this particular art, in fact it has been in use for some years therefore to push the ends of hair throu h the woven material is not novel, but to us loose strands of hair through and coinci ently ventilate a binding sheet of pa er constitutes a novel idea and brings fort a newarticle as the punchin by the barb points opens u the aper as we 1 as interlocks the hair so t at t ere are two purposes accomplished in this. method, one of which is the formation and the aeration of the filler the other.

Further it ma be said that the crimping and crisping o the paper, forming the binding sheet, produces a backin for the loose hair that meets all the con itions of insulation and particularlythose regarding moisture and heat. It must be thoroughly understood that this invention is unique in,

the fact that it comes out of an art that has been fairly well taken up in earlier inventions and yet its essential features create an entirely new article, as well as provide efficiency in wall, floor and ceiling insulation.

It is also pointed out, as shown inFigure 3 of the drawings that the openings formed in otherwise imperforate carrier sheet are formed at irregularly spaced intervals the-reby to avoid the tendency to produce shear lines in the paper which would interfere with the proper handling of the completed product. That is to say the spacings of the holes or openings formed in the sheet is not in any regular order, and the holesare placed approximately at proper distances apart to avoid the tearing of the paper either in the handling of the partially or wholly complete product.

Also the regular s acing of the holes as shown in Figure3 of t e drawings materially preserves the tensile strength of the paper.

What I claim is:

1. A step in a method of makin an interlining filler comprising laying o the hairs on a stiff sheet of crepe paper having flattened crinkles, and punching many irregular holes through the paper for ventilation purposes, and carrying strands of hair through these holes at each and every punching operation.

2. A step in a method of making an in.- terlining filler comprising laying a bat of loose hairs on a sheet of paper and punching many irregular holes through the paper and carr ing strands of the hair through these hoihs at every punching operation to thereby interlace substantially all of the fibres with each other only to such an extent that the bat is self-sustaining independent of the paper and its cellular structure preserved.

3. A step in a method of making an interlining filler comprising laying a. vbat of loose fibres on a sheet of paper and punching many irregular holes through the paper to carry the fibres through the holes at every punching operation and interlacing substantially all of the fibres with each other only to such an extent that the bat is self-sustaining independent. of .the paper and its cellu- V lar structure preserved.

I 4. A step in a method of making a selfsustaining interlining filler comprising a. supporting medium and a fibrous bat, which consists in subjecting a tangle of loose fibres to a degree of needling suflicient to interlace substantially all of the fibres to thereby render the filler self-sustaining independent of the supporting-medium and without de-, stroying the cellular structure.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

CHARLES HANSON RAYNER. 

